Preventing Religious Radicalism Based on Local Wisdom: Interrelation of Tarekat, Adat, and Local Authority in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Sefriyono, Sefriyono and Mukhibat, Mukhibat (2018) Preventing Religious Radicalism Based on Local Wisdom: Interrelation of Tarekat, Adat, and Local Authority in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera, Indonesia. SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, 11 (1). pp. 1-18. ISSN ISSN 1979-0112

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: The integrated relation between the sufi order of Syattariyah, the Minangkabau tradition or custom,
and the local authority of Nagari Sungai Buluah, Sub-District of Batang Anai, Regency of Padang Pariaman, West
Sumatera has become a local wisdom that acts as a social capital for the prevention of religious radicalism in the
region. The relation is seen from three social domains, such as “bersurau kaum dan bemasjid nagari” (must have
little mosque at the community ethnic level and have mosque at district or regency level); “bermamak ibadat dan
bermamak adat” (must have Islamic worship leader and custom or tradition’s leader); and “bermufti nagari dan
bernagari” (must obey to the Islamic law adviser in the community and must have district or regency). This article,
based on the qualitative study, tries to elaborate the position and roles of sufi order, custom, and local wisdoms
in preventing the Islamic radicalism in West Sumatera. The findings show that the traditional institutions, such
as little mosque and mosques in the village and regency level; Islamic worship and custom leaders; sufi order of
Syattariyah, and Islamic law adviser in the regency level have the critical roles in preventing the Islamic radicalism.
The radical organizations, such as the LDII (Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia or Indonesia Institute of Islamic
Preaching) and “Salafi” (renewel of Islamic thought and movement) cannot growth develop well in Nagari Sungai
Buluah, Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera.
KEY WORD: Preventing; Islamic Radicalism; Interrelation of Institutions; Islamic Community; West Sumatera
People.
RESUME: “Mencegah Radikalisme Agama Berdasarkan Kearifan Lokal: Interelasi Tarekat, Adat, dan Otoritas
Lokal di Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia”. Relasi terintegrasi antara tarekat Syattariyah, adat
Minangkabau, dan pemerintahan lokal di Nagari Sungai Buluah, Kecamatan Batang Anai, Kabupaten Padang
Pariaman, Sumatera Barat telah menjadi kearifan lokal yang berperan sebagai modal sosial bagi pencegahan
radikalisme agama di sebuah nagari. Relasi tersebut terlihat dari tiga domain sosial, seperti “bersurau kaum dan
bemasjid nagari”; “bermamak ibadat dan bermamak adat”; serta “bermufti nagari dan bernagari”. Artikel ini,
berdasarkan studi kualitatif, berusaha untuk mengelaborasi kedudukan dan peranan tarekat, adat, dan kearifan
lokal dalam mencegah faham Islam radikal di Sumatera Barat. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa surau dan mesjid
nagari; mamak ibadat dan mamak adat; tarekat Syattariyah; dan mufti nagari berperanan penting dalam mencegah
faham Islam radikal. Organisasi radikal, seperti LDII (Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia) dan faham Salafi tidak
dapat tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik di Nagari Sungai Buluah, Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat.
KATA KUNCI: Pencegahan; Faham Islam Radikal; Interelasi Institusi; Umat Islam; Masyarakat Sumatera Barat.

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